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Policy Impact on Disaster Recovery Discussion Paper
Narrative Script
When disaster strikes, it is important to have a strategy in place to help people get back on their feet and get the care they need. Within the scope of this evaluation, I will create a comprehensive disaster recovery strategy for the residents of Vila Health. I am committed to fulfilling my duties as a nurse within the Vila Health organization. My strategy for recovery will include the steps that are required to deal with an emergency or disastrous event. In order to get the best possible outcomes from implementing a plan utilizing the MAP-IT framework, it is vital that all community requirements and the current state of affairs be taken into account beforehand. Policy Impact on Disaster Recovery Discussion Paper
What is a disaster?
Disasters are significant disturbances to a community’s operations that are more severe than what it can handle by itself. Natural disasters and man-made disasters are the two broad categories of disasters. Earthquakes, tsunamis, storms, cyclones, and volcanic eruptions are all examples of natural catastrophes. On the other hand, fires, explosions, exposures to dangerous chemicals, pollution, and wars are all examples of man-made disasters, and they are often generated by the reckless actions of humans. Most calamities strike without warning and affect many people at once.
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Determinants of health
The phrase “determinants of health” is used to describe a wide variety of elements, including individual, economic, social, and environmental variables, which have an impact on an individual’s general health, as described by Healthy People 2030. One’s state of health is conditional on their life and surrounding conditions. Living conditions, environmental factors, genetics, socioeconomic status, degree of education, and social support network all play important roles in determining an individual’s overall health. The elements that determine an individual’s health status are often beyond their control, leaving many at the mercy of fate. Policy Impact on Disaster Recovery Discussion Paper
Cultural, Social, and Economic Barriers Impacting the Recovery Plan
Occasionally, health determinants may act as roadblocks that impede progress toward improved safety and health. In a medical emergency, communication difficulties and misunderstandings caused by cultural differences may delay treatment. Social norms and expectations make it difficult for underprivileged communities to get medical treatment (Islam, 2019). Multiple research shows that gender bias and racial discrimination contribute to healthcare disparities (Islam, 2019).
Social barriers include things like transportation difficulties that may have a negative impact on an individual’s ability to live a healthy and safe life (Islam, 2019). Access to healthcare and education, environmental factors, and social support are also considered to be social barriers. The life expectancy of low-income Americans is lower than that of middle- and upper-class Americans for the same reason: they are less inclined to have access to high-quality healthcare (Islam, 2019). Policy Impact on Disaster Recovery Discussion Paper
Zhang & Xiang (2019) found that those with lower incomes have more obstacles in obtaining health care and staying healthy. Inequitable access to healthcare is mostly driven by the high cost of treatment and the incapacity of low-income people to afford it (Zhang & Xiang, 2019). Expenses associated with seeking medical attention may come in many forms, from the upfront costs of services like doctor visits and prescription drugs to the associated costs of traveling to and from appointments.
Proposed Disaster Recovery Plan – MAP-IT
The MAP-IT framework is recommended by Healthy People 2020 for use in developing a disaster recovery strategy. By tapping into local resources and freely accessible information, the desired outcomes may be achieved. According to Brach & Harris (2021), long-term recovery planning may be accomplished with the help of the MAP-IT tool. By preparing for the long haul, a community may better withstand disasters and improve its health and quality of life. It may inspire people to work together for more ambitious aims than just re-establishing the original situation. Assuming the disaster recovery plan will work, it will provide opportunities for more communication and community alignment about moving forward. By working together, decision-makers may avoid being reactive and instead concentrate on achieving long-term strategic objectives. Policy Impact on Disaster Recovery Discussion Paper
MAP-IT Framework
The MAP-IT Framework is made up of five main parts: mobilize, assess, plan, implement, and track. Mobilization is seen as an opportunity to advance a shared goal of making the community safer, healthier, and more self-sufficient. Various techniques for coordinating efforts, communicating across departments, and being disaster-ready are all part of the mobilization plan.
The assessment consists of a community health evaluation as well as a hazard vulnerability evaluation. Such evaluations produce information that indicates the differences between the current status of the community and its desired condition (Xu et al., 2020). It is useful for propelling the development of solutions and goals.
During planning, there is a gradual rise in the appropriations of several agencies, including law enforcement, hospitals, and others. Homeless individuals should get aid in the form of housing placement, and initiatives should be taken to help those who struggle with language learn the basics. Policy Impact on Disaster Recovery Discussion Paper
As part of the actual implementation, creative strategies for deploying recovery assets are designed and deployed. While health sector operations directly improve health outcomes, co-benefits to health from other fields are also realized. Restorative interventions’ impacts on patients’ health and contentment are tracked and analyzed on the fly using a learning method to inform gradual plan modifications. Adaptations to the plan that are essential to increase its effectiveness are part of the work involved in putting it into action (Mettas et al., 2018).
Policy Impact on Disaster Recovery
The emphasis on recovery as a fundamental component of the national strategy for handling disasters has been incorporated to varying degrees in a number of laws and policy frameworks over the past years. Such laws include the National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF) and The Stafford Act.
The purpose of the National Disaster Recovery Framework (NDRF) is to serve as a road map for facilitating efficient recovery, especially after massive or catastrophic disasters. It provides a malleable structure for coordinating efforts amongst different disaster recovery personnel (Cooper & Masterson, 2019). The NDRF is committed to finding sustainable solutions that will strengthen the nation’s health, social, economic, natural, and environmental safety nets. The NDRF is the first stage in developing a unified, cohesive vision and strategy for making the United States more resilient to natural disasters. Public involvement, finding recovery resources, forming partnerships with organizations outside of the community, and other related activities are all facilitated (Cooper & Masterson, 2019). Policy Impact on Disaster Recovery Discussion Paper
The Stafford Act of 1988, named after its primary author, dictates federal action in the wake of natural catastrophes in the United States. It is meant to help local and state governments more efficiently get federal funding to respond to natural disasters and fulfill their citizen-serving obligations. In the event of a crisis, this law will facilitate improved intergovernmental collaboration and promote state and municipal governments to create comprehensive disaster preparation plans (Reese, 2o18). The Stafford Act provides government aid programs to those who have suffered losses as a result of a natural or man-made disaster and also promotes the adoption of insurance coverage.
Overcoming Communication Barriers
Approaches that have proven effective in reducing communication barriers and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration during disaster recovery include settling on a convenient time and location for communicating, having good communication skills and using language that most people can grasp, and transmitting one piece of information at a time. It is essential for the team to adhere to these approaches in order to ensure that the disaster recovery operations are properly designed and carried out. The implementation of these tactics may have far-reaching impacts, including a more unified and efficient team working to improve the patient safety network. Policy Impact on Disaster Recovery Discussion Paper
Conclusion
Communities need to have a plan in place on how to recover after a disaster. Consultation with medical personnel and the development of a framework are prerequisites for developing an efficient disaster recovery plan. Every member of the medical personnel, together with the local community and relevant parties, must have input on the final plan. In addition, the disaster recovery plan has to be kept in good working order, with consideration given to all key stakeholders and data collection/exchange.
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References
Cooper, J. T., & Masterson, J. H. (2019). The National Disaster Recovery Framework. In The Routledge Handbook of Urban Disaster Resilience (pp. 250-263). Routledge.
Healthy People 2030. (n.d.). Social determinants of health. Home of the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion – health.gov. https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/social-determinants-health
Islam, M. M. (2019). Social determinants of health and related inequalities: Confusion and implications. Frontiers in Public Health, 7.
Mettas, C., Evagoras, E., Papadopoulos, M., Konstantinou, A., Panayiotou, C., Foka, A., … & Hadjimitsis, D. (2018, April). Application of DECATASTROPHIZE (UsE of SDSS and MCDA To prepAre for diSasTeRs Or Plan for multlplE HaZards) Decision Support Systems (DSS) tool. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (p. 16520).
Reese, S. (2018). FEMA Individual Assistance Programs: In Brief. Congressional Researc h Service, Washington DC. https://sgp.fas.org/crs/homesec/R45085.pdf
Xu, H., Li, Y., & Wang, L. (2020). Resilience assessment of complex urban public spaces. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(2), 524. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020524
Zhang, S., & Xiang, W. (2019). Income gradient in health-related quality of life — the role of social networking time. International Journal for Equity in Health, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-019-0942-1 Policy Impact on Disaster Recovery Discussion Paper
